:root{
  --navy:#1f4e9c;
  --navy-dark:#163a75;
  --ink:#1a1a1a;
  --gray:#666;
  --line:#e5e8ee;
  --bg:#f4f5f7;
  --max:1080px;
}
*{box-sizing:border-box;}
html{scroll-behavior:smooth;}
body{
  margin:0;background:var(--bg);color:var(--ink);
  font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Apple SD Gothic Neo","Malgun Gothic","맑은 고딕",sans-serif;
  line-height:1.7;
}
a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none;}
img{display:block;max-width:100%;}

/* ---- Masthead ---- */
.topbar{background:var(--navy-dark);color:#cdd8ec;font-size:12.5px;}
.topbar .inner{max-width:var(--max);margin:0 auto;padding:7px 24px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;}
.masthead{background:#fff;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);}
.masthead .inner{max-width:var(--max);margin:0 auto;padding:26px 24px 20px;text-align:center;}
.brand{font-size:34px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.02em;color:var(--navy);display:inline-block;}
.brand .en{display:block;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.28em;color:var(--gray);margin-top:6px;}
.tagline{font-size:13px;color:var(--gray);margin-top:8px;}
nav.mainnav{background:#fff;border-bottom:2px solid var(--navy);position:sticky;top:0;z-index:20;}
nav.mainnav .inner{max-width:var(--max);margin:0 auto;padding:0 24px;display:flex;gap:6px;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center;}
nav.mainnav a{padding:13px 16px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;color:#333;border-bottom:3px solid transparent;}
nav.mainnav a:hover,nav.mainnav a.active{color:var(--navy);border-bottom-color:var(--navy);}

/* ---- Layout ---- */
.container{max-width:var(--max);margin:0 auto;padding:34px 24px 60px;}

/* ---- Hero ---- */
.hero{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.3fr 1fr;gap:28px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:14px;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:34px;}
.hero .photo{background:#000;}
.hero .photo img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;min-height:280px;}
.hero .text{padding:34px 34px 34px 6px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}
.cat{display:inline-block;font-size:12px;font-weight:800;color:#fff;background:var(--navy);padding:4px 11px;border-radius:20px;align-self:flex-start;letter-spacing:.02em;}
.hero h2{font-size:27px;line-height:1.32;font-weight:800;margin:16px 0 12px;letter-spacing:-.02em;}
.hero p{font-size:15.5px;color:#444;margin:0 0 16px;}
.hero .meta{font-size:13px;color:var(--gray);}

/* ---- Section heading ---- */
.sec-head{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin:0 0 20px;}
.sec-head h3{font-size:20px;font-weight:800;margin:0;padding-left:12px;border-left:5px solid var(--navy);}
.sec-head .rule{flex:1;height:1px;background:var(--line);}

/* ---- Card grid ---- */
.grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;}
.card{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;transition:box-shadow .18s,transform .18s;}
.card:hover{box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.09);transform:translateY(-3px);}
.card .thumb{aspect-ratio:16/10;background:#e9edf4;overflow:hidden;}
.card .thumb img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;}
.card .body{padding:16px 18px 20px;}
.card .cat-s{font-size:11.5px;font-weight:800;color:var(--navy);letter-spacing:.02em;}
.card h4{font-size:17px;line-height:1.4;font-weight:700;margin:8px 0 8px;letter-spacing:-.01em;}
.card p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--gray);margin:0 0 10px;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:2;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden;}
.card .meta{font-size:12px;color:#999;}

/* ---- Article page ---- */
.article{max-width:760px;margin:0 auto;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:14px;padding:48px 56px 60px;}
.breadcrumb{font-size:13px;color:var(--gray);margin-bottom:20px;}
.breadcrumb a:hover{color:var(--navy);}
.article .cat{margin-bottom:16px;}
.article h1{font-size:31px;line-height:1.35;font-weight:800;margin:0 0 16px;letter-spacing:-.02em;}
.article .lead{font-size:18px;color:#444;font-weight:500;margin:0 0 22px;padding-bottom:22px;border-bottom:2px solid var(--navy);}
.article .byline{font-size:13px;color:var(--gray);margin-bottom:30px;}
.article p{font-size:16.5px;margin:0 0 18px;}
.article h2{font-size:21px;font-weight:800;margin:40px 0 15px;padding-left:12px;border-left:5px solid var(--navy);letter-spacing:-.01em;}
.article figure{margin:28px 0;}
.article .photos{display:flex;gap:14px;flex-wrap:wrap;}
.article .photos img{flex:1 1 300px;width:100%;border-radius:10px;box-shadow:0 3px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.12);}
.article figcaption{font-size:13px;color:var(--gray);margin-top:12px;text-align:center;}
.factbox{background:#f7f9fc;border:1px solid #e3e9f2;border-radius:12px;padding:24px 28px;margin-top:40px;}
.factbox h3{font-size:16px;font-weight:800;margin:0 0 14px;color:var(--navy);}
.factbox dl{margin:0;display:grid;grid-template-columns:112px 1fr;row-gap:10px;column-gap:12px;font-size:14.5px;}
.factbox dt{font-weight:700;color:#333;}
.factbox dd{margin:0;color:#444;}
.article .lead.italic{font-style:italic;}
.callout{background:#f7f9fc;border:1px solid #e3e9f2;border-radius:12px;padding:20px 26px;margin:30px 0;}
.callout h3{font-size:15px;font-weight:800;color:var(--navy);margin:0 0 12px;}
.callout ul{margin:0;padding-left:20px;}
.callout li{font-size:15px;margin:7px 0;color:#333;line-height:1.6;}
.callout p{font-size:15px;margin:0;color:#444;}
.article .note{font-size:13px;color:var(--gray);margin-top:22px;padding-top:14px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);}
.author-box{display:flex;gap:16px;align-items:center;background:#f7f9fc;border:1px solid #e3e9f2;border-radius:12px;padding:16px 18px;margin:24px 0 6px;}
.author-box img{width:92px;height:auto;border-radius:8px;flex:none;}
.author-box .an-name{font-weight:800;font-size:16px;}
.author-box .an-sub{font-size:13px;color:var(--gray);margin-top:2px;}
.author-box .an-contact{font-size:13px;color:#444;margin-top:8px;line-height:1.5;}
@media(max-width:560px){ .author-box{flex-direction:column;text-align:center;} }
.backlink{display:inline-block;margin-top:34px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;color:var(--navy);}

/* ---- Ads ---- */
.ad-band{margin:40px 0 8px;}
.ad-head{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;margin:0 0 16px;}
.ad-head .lbl{font-size:11px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.14em;color:#9aa1ad;border:1px solid #d9dde5;border-radius:4px;padding:3px 8px;}
.ad-head .rule{flex:1;height:1px;background:var(--line);}
.ad-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:18px;}
.ad-card{display:block;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;background:#fff;transition:box-shadow .18s,transform .18s;}
.ad-card:hover{box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.12);transform:translateY(-3px);}
.ad-card img{width:100%;height:auto;display:block;}
.ad-card .cap{font-size:12px;color:var(--gray);text-align:center;padding:9px 8px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);}
/* in-article single ad */
.ad-inline{margin:36px 0;text-align:center;}
.ad-inline .lbl{display:inline-block;font-size:11px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.14em;color:#9aa1ad;border:1px solid #d9dde5;border-radius:4px;padding:3px 8px;margin-bottom:12px;}
.ad-inline a{display:block;max-width:420px;margin:0 auto;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;}
.ad-inline img{width:100%;height:auto;display:block;}
@media(max-width:860px){ .ad-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);} }
@media(max-width:560px){ .ad-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:12px;} }
/* logo bar */
.ad-logos{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(190px,1fr));gap:14px;}
.ad-logo{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:9px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px;padding:18px 14px;transition:box-shadow .18s,transform .18s;}
.ad-logo:hover{box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.10);transform:translateY(-2px);}
.ad-logo img{height:52px;width:auto;max-width:100%;object-fit:contain;border-radius:6px;}
.ad-logo .cap{font-size:11.5px;color:var(--gray);text-align:center;line-height:1.3;}
@media(max-width:560px){ .ad-logos{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;} }

/* ---- Footer ---- */
footer{background:#20222b;color:#aeb4c2;font-size:13px;margin-top:20px;}
footer .inner{max-width:var(--max);margin:0 auto;padding:30px 24px;}
footer .fbrand{color:#fff;font-weight:800;font-size:18px;margin-bottom:8px;}
footer a:hover{color:#fff;}

@media(max-width:860px){
  .hero{grid-template-columns:1fr;}
  .hero .photo img{min-height:220px;}
  .hero .text{padding:26px 26px 30px;}
  .grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;}
}
@media(max-width:560px){
  .brand{font-size:27px;}
  .grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}
  .article{padding:32px 22px 44px;}
  .article h1{font-size:24px;}
  .factbox dl{grid-template-columns:92px 1fr;}
}

/* ---- Community directory ---- */
.dir-note{background:#fbeef2;border:1px solid #f3d6e0;border-radius:10px;padding:12px 16px;font-size:13.5px;color:#8a2b4d;margin:6px 0 26px;}
.dir-group{margin:0 0 10px;}
.dir-item{padding:15px 2px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);}
.dir-item:last-child{border-bottom:none;}
.dir-item .nm{font-size:16.5px;font-weight:800;margin:0 0 5px;color:var(--ink);}
.dir-item .ds{font-size:14.5px;color:#444;margin:2px 0;line-height:1.65;}
.dir-item .ct{font-size:14.5px;color:var(--navy);font-weight:600;margin-top:4px;}